Inductors habka caadiga ah,waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa kombuyuutar beddelashada sahayda korontada si loo kala shaandheeyo habka caadiga ah calaamadaha faragelinta korantada. Nakhshadeynta guddiga, inductor-ka caadiga ah wuxuu sidoo kale ka ciyaaraa doorka shaandhaynta EMI, kaas oo loo isticmaalo in lagu xakameeyo shucaaca dibadda iyo qiiqa mowjadaha korantada ee ay dhaliyaan xadhkaha calaamadaha xawaaraha sare leh.
Sida qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah qaybaha magnetic, inductors ayaa si ballaaran loogu isticmaalaa wareegyada korontada. Waa qayb aan laga maarmi karin gaar ahaan wareegyada korontada. Sida isku-gudbinta korantada ee qalabka xakamaynta warshadaha iyo mitirka korontada (mitirka-watt-saac) ee nidaamyada korantada. Shaandheeyayaasha ku yaala dhamaadka wax soo galinta iyo soo saarida ee wareejinta qalabka korontada, tunerayaasha TV-ga qaata iyo dhamaadka gudbinta, iwm dhamaantood waa kuwo aan ka soocnayn inductors. Hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee inductors ee wareegyada elektiroonigga ah waa: kaydinta tamarta, shaandhaynta, ceejinta, resonance, iwm. In wareegyada korantada, tan iyo wareegyada waxay la macaamilaan wareejinta tamarta ee qulqulka waaweyn ama koronta sare, inductors inta badan waa "nooca tamarta" inductors.
Sida saxda ah sababta oo ah inductor koronto uu ka duwan yahay inductor processing signal yar, topology ee sahayda beddelka waa ka duwan yahay inta lagu guda jiro design, iyo habka design ayaa sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay shuruudo u gaar ah, taasoo keentay dhibaato design.InductorsWareegyada saadka korontada ee hadda jira waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa shaandhaynta, kaydinta tamarta, wareejinta tamarta, iyo hagaajinta qodobka tamarta. Naqshadaynta soo-saareyaashu waxay daboolaysaa dhinacyo badan oo aqoonta ah sida aragtida elektromagnetic-ka, agabka magnetic, iyo xeerarka badbaadada. Nashqadayaashu waxay u baahan yihiin inay si cad u fahmaan xaaladaha shaqada iyo shuruudaha halbeegyada la xidhiidha (sida hadda, danab, inta jeer, kor u kaca heerkulka, sifooyinka alaabta, iwm.) si ay go'aan uga gaadhaan. Naqshadaynta ugu macquulsan.
Kala soocida inductors:
Inductors waxaa loo qaybin karaa noocyo kala duwan iyadoo lagu saleynayo deegaankooda codsiga, qaab-dhismeedka badeecada, qaabka, isticmaalka, iwm. Caadi ahaan, naqshadeynta inductor waxay ka bilaabataa isticmaalka iyo deegaanka codsiga oo ah barta bilawga ah. Marka la beddelo sahayda korontada, inductors waxaa loo qaybin karaa:
Qaabka caadiga ah ee choke
Sixitaanka Qodobka Awoodda - PFC Choke
Inductor isku-xiran oo isku-dhafan (Coupler choke)
Inductor-ka fudud ee kaydinta tamarta (Smooth Choke)
Gariiradda cod-weyneeye magnetic (MAG AMP Coil)
Inductors filter-ka caadiga ah wuxuu u baahan yahay labada gariirood inay yeeshaan qiime isku mid ah inductance, isla impedance, iwm., sidaas darteed inductor-yada noocan ah waxay qaataan naqshado simmetrical ah, qaababkooduna waxay u badan yihiin TOROID, UU, ET iyo qaabab kale.
Sida inductors-ka caadiga ahi u shaqeeyaan:
Inductor filter-ka caadiga ah waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa gariiradda nooca caadiga ah ee choke (halkan ka dib waxaa loo tixraacaa sida inductor mode ama CM.M.Choke) ama Line Filter.
Inductors filter-ka caadiga ah wuxuu u baahan yahay labada gariirood inay yeeshaan qiime isku mid ah inductance, isla impedance, iwm., sidaas darteed inductor-yada noocan ah waxay qaataan naqshado simmetrical ah, qaababkooduna waxay u badan yihiin TOROID, UU, ET iyo qaabab kale.
Sida inductors-ka caadiga ahi u shaqeeyaan:
Inductor filter-ka caadiga ah waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa gariiradda nooca caadiga ah ee choke (halkan ka dib waxaa loo tixraacaa sida inductor mode ama CM.M.Choke) ama Line Filter.
Gudahawareejinta korontada, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay isbeddellada degdegga ah ee hadda ama korantada ku jirta diode-taliye, capacitor filter iyo inductor, ilo faragelinta korantada (sanqad) ayaa la abuuraa. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaa sidoo kale jira dhawaaqyo iswaafajin ah oo aad u sarreeya oo aan ahayn inta jeer ee tamarta ee sahayda korontada. Haddii faragelintan aan la baabi'in, cabudhintu waxay sababi doontaa dhaawac soo gaadha qalabka rarka ama sahayda wareejinta lafteeda. Sidaa darteed, hay'adaha sharciyeynta badbaadada ee dalal dhowr ah ayaa soo saaray xeerar ku saabsan faragelinta korantada (EMI).
xeerarka xakamaynta u dhigma. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta jeer ee beddelka sahayda korantada ayaa noqonaysa mid aad u sareysa, EMI-na aad ayay u sii dareysaa. Sidaa darteed, filtarrada EMI waa in lagu rakibaa beddelka sahayda korontada. Shaandhooyinka EMI waa inay xakameeyaan qaabka caadiga ah iyo qaylada qaabka caadiga ah si ay u buuxiyaan shuruudaha qaarkood. heerka. Shaandheeyaha qaabka caadiga ah ayaa mas'uul ka ah shaandheynta calaamadaha faragelinta qaabka kala duwan ee u dhexeeya labada xariiq ee wax-gelinta ama soo-saarka, iyo qaabka caadiga ah ayaa mas'uul ka ah shaandhaynta calaamadda faragelinta habka caadiga ah ee u dhexeeya labada khad ee wax-gelinta. Inductors-ka caadiga ah ee dhabta ah waxa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: AC CM.M.CHOKE; DC CM.M.CHOKE iyo SIGNAL CM.M.CHOKE iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay jawiga shaqada ee kala duwan. Waa in la kala saaro marka la naqshadeynayo ama la dooranayo. Laakiin mabda'a shaqadu waa isku mid, sida ku cad sawirka (1):
Sida sawirka ka muuqata, laba qaybood oo gariiro ah oo jiho ka soo horjeeda ayaa ku dhaawacma isla giraanta birlabeedka. Marka loo eego qaanuunka tuubada wareega ee gacanta midig, marka korantada qaab ka duwan oo leh koronto ka soo horjeeda iyo isla baaxadda calaamadda ayaa lagu dabaqaa marinnada gelinta A iyo B, Marka, waxaa jira i2 hadda oo lagu muujiyey xariiqda adag, iyo qulqulka magnetic. Φ2 oo lagu muujiyey xariiqda adag ayaa laga soo saaray xudunta magnetic. Ilaa inta labada dabaylo ay si dhammaystiran u siman yihiin, qulqulka magnetic ee labada jiho ee kala duwan ee xudunta magnetka ayaa midba midka kale baabi'iyaa. Isku darka qulqulka magnetic waa eber, inductance gariiradda ayaa ku dhow eber, mana jirto wax saameyn ah oo ka dhan ah calaamada qaabka caadiga ah. Haddii calaamad qaab caadi ah leh oo isku mid ah iyo ballac siman oo la mid ah lagu dabaqo marinnada gelinta A iyo B, waxaa jiri doona i1 hadda oo uu muujinayo xariiqda dhibicda leh, iyo qulqulka birlabeedka Φ1 ee uu muujinayo xariiqda dhibicda leh ayaa laga soo saari doonaa magnetic core, ka dibna qulqulka magnetka ee xudunta u ah waxay yeelan doonaan jihada isku mid ah oo ay xoojiyaan midba midka kale, si qiimaha inductance ee gariiradda kastaa ay labanlaabto marka uu keligiis jiro, iyo XL = ωL. Sidaa darteed, gariiradda habkan dabaysha ayaa saameyn xooggan ku leh faragelinta qaabka caadiga ah.
Filterka dhabta ah ee EMI wuxuu ka kooban yahay L iyo C. Marka la naqshadeynayo, qaabka kala duwanaanta iyo wareegyada xakamaynta habka caadiga ah ayaa badanaa la isku daraa (sida ku cad sawirka 2). Sidaa darteed, nashqadayntu waa in ay ku salaysan tahay cabbirka capacitor filter iyo xeerarka badbaadada ee loo baahan yahay. Heerarka ayaa go'aamo ka gaadha qiyamka induction.
Jaantuska, L1, L2, iyo C1 waxay sameeyaan shaandheyn qaab caadi ah, L3, C2, iyo C3 waxay sameeyaan shaandheyn qaab caadi ah.
Naqshada Soodhaweynta Habka Guud
Kahor intaadan naqshadayn inductor-ka caadiga ah, marka hore hubi in gariiraddu ay tahay inay raacdo mabaadi'da soo socota:
1 > Xaaladaha shaqada ee caadiga ah, xudunta birlabku ma buuxsami doonto sababtoo ah hadda korontada.
2 > Waa inay lahaataa caqabad weyn oo ku filan calaamadaha faragelinta soo noqnoqda ee soo noqnoqda, xaddi xaddidan, iyo xannibaadda ugu yar ee calaamadda hadda jirta ee inta jeer ee hawlgalka.
3>Cilayska heerkulka inductor waa inuu ahaadaa mid yar, awoodda la qaybiyeyna waa inay ahaataa mid yar.
4>Cabitaanka DC waa inuu ahaadaa mid yar intii suurtagal ah.
5>Inductance induction waa in ay ahaataa mid weyn intii suurtogal ah, qiimaha inductance-ku wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu ahaado mid deggan.
6 >Dahaarka u dhexeeya dabaylaha waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha badbaadada.
Tillaabooyinka naqshadaynta qaab-dhismeedka caadiga ah:
Tallaabada 0 Helitaanka SPEC: EMI heerka la oggol yahay, goobta codsiga.
Tallaabada 1 Go'aami qiimaha inductance.
Tallaabada 2 Qalabka asaasiga ah iyo qeexitaannada ayaa la go'aamiyaa.
Tallaabada 3 Go'aami tirada wareegyada dabaysha iyo dhexroorka siliga.
Tallaabada 4 Caddeynta
Tallaabada 5 Tijaabi
Tusaalooyinka naqshadeynta
Tallaabada 0: Wareegga shaandhada EMI sida ku cad sawirka 3
CX = 1.0 Uf Cy = 3300PF EMI heerka: Fcc Class B
Nooca: Ac Mode Common Choke
Tallaabada 1: Go'aami inductance (L):
Waxaa laga arki karaa jaantuska wareegga in calaamadda habka caadiga ah lagu xakameynayo shaandhada qaabka caadiga ah ee ka kooban L3, C2, iyo C3. Dhab ahaantii, L3, C2, iyo C3 waxay sameeyaan laba wareeg oo taxane ah oo LC ah, kuwaas oo nuugaya sawaxanka xadadka L iyo N siday u kala horreeyaan. Ilaa inta inta jeer ee la gooyey wareegga shaandhada la go'aaminayo oo la og yahay awoodda C, inductance L waxaa lagu heli karaa qaacidooyinka soo socda.
fo= 1/ (2π√LC) L → 1/ (2πfo)2C
Caadiyan baaxadda baaxadda tijaabada EMI waa sida soo socota:
Faragelinta la sameeyay: 150KHZ → 30MHZ (Xusuusin: Heerka VDE 10KHZ - 30M)
Faragelinta shucaaca: 30MHZ 1GHz
Shaandheeyaha dhabta ahi ma gaadhi karo qalooca cidhiidhiga ah ee shaandhada ugu fiican, inta jeer ee goynta ayaa inta badan la dejin karaa ilaa 50KHZ. Halkan, haddii loo qaato = 50KHZ, markaa
L = 1/ (2πfo) 2C = 1/ [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *3300*10-12] = 3.07mH
L1, L2, iyo C1 waxay sameeyaan shaandhaynta qaabka caadiga ah (pass-hoose). Awoodda u dhaxaysa khadadka waa 1.0uF, markaa inductance habka caadiga ah waa:
L = 1 / [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *1*10-6] = 10.14uH
Sidan, aragtida inductance qiimaha loo baahan yahay ayaa lagu heli karaa. Haddii aad rabto inaad hesho soo noqnoqoshada goynta hoose ee fo, waxaad sii kordhin kartaa qiimaha inductance. Inta jeer ee goynta guud ahaan kama yarayn 10KHZ. Fikrad ahaan, kor u kaca inductance, ayaa si fiican u saameeya saameynta xakamaynta EMI, laakiin kororka xad-dhaafka ah ayaa ka dhigi doona soo noqnoqda hoos u dhaca, shaandhada dhabta ah waxay gaari kartaa oo kaliya qayb ballaadhan oo gaar ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa saameynta xakamaynta ee dhawaaqa soo noqnoqda ee ka sii daraya (guud ahaan Qaybta qaylada ee sahayda wareejinta waxay ku saabsan tahay 5 ~ 10MHZ, laakiin waxaa jira xaalado ay ka badan tahay 10MHZ). Intaa waxaa dheer, marka uu sareeyo inductance-ka, inta badan wareegyada dabaysha ayaa leh, ama kor u kaca ui ee CORE, taas oo keeni doonta is-hortaagga-hooseeya inuu kordho (DCR ayaa sii weynaaneysa). Marka tirada wareegyadu korodho, awoodda la qaybiyey ayaa sidoo kale kordhisa (sida ku cad Jaantuska 4), taas oo u oggolaanaysa dhammaan qulqulka-soo noqnoqda sare inay ku qulqulaan awooddan. UI-ga aadka u sarreeya ayaa ka dhigaya CORE mid si fudud loo dheregsan yahay, sidoo kale aad bay u adag tahay oo waa kharash in la soo saaro.
Tallaabada 2 Go'aami walxaha muhiimka ah iyo SIZE
Laga soo bilaabo shuruudaha naqshadeynta ee kor ku xusan, waxaan ogaan karnaa in inductor-ka caadiga ah uu u baahan yahay inuu ku adkaado in la buuxiyo, sidaas darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la doorto shey leh saamiga xagal hoose ee BH. Sababtoo ah qiime sare oo inductance ah ayaa loo baahan yahay, qiimaha ui ee xudunta magnetic waa inuu sidoo kale ahaadaa mid sarreeya, waana inuu sidoo kale lahaadaa iyada oo leh khasaare hoose oo hooseeya iyo qiimaha Bs sare, Mn-Zn ferrite walxaha CORE hadda waa qalabka ugu habboon ee CORE ee la kulma shuruudaha kor ku xusan.
Ma jiraan xeerar gaar ah oo ku saabsan COEE SIZE inta lagu jiro naqshadeynta. Mabda 'ahaan, waxay u baahan tahay oo kaliya inay buuxiso inductance-ka loo baahan yahay oo ay yarayso cabbirka badeecada nashqadeysan ee ku dhex jirta xaddiga luminta-soo noqnoqda ee hooseeya ee la oggol yahay.
Sidaa darteed, alaabta CORE iyo soo saarista SIZE waa in la baaro iyadoo lagu saleynayo kharashka, khasaaraha la oggol yahay, meelaynta rakibidda, iwm. Qiimaha CORE ee caadiga ah ee la isticmaalo inductor-ka caadiga ah waa inta u dhaxaysa 2000 iyo 10000. Birta budada ah waxay sidoo kale leedahay khasaaro birta ah, Bs sare iyo hooseeya Qiyaasta xagasha BH, laakiin ui waa mid hooseeya, sidaa darteed guud ahaan looma isticmaalo inductors-ka caadiga ah, laakiin nooca xudunta u ah waa mid ka mid ah inductors-ka caadiga ah. Agabka la door biday
Tallaabada 3 Go'aami tirada leexashada N iyo dhexroorka siliga dw
Marka hore go'aami sifooyinka CORE. Tusaale ahaan, tusaale ahaan, T18 * 10 * 7, A10, AL = 8230 ± 30%, ka dibna:
N = √L / AL = √(3.07*106) / (8230*70%) = 23 TS
Dhexroorka siligga wuxuu ku salaysan yahay cufnaanta hadda ee 3 ~ 5A/mm2. Haddii boosku ogolaado, cufnaanta hadda waxaa loo dooran karaa sida ugu hooseeya ee suurtogalka ah. Ka soo qaad in gelinta hadda I i = 1.2A ee tusaalahan, qaado J = 4 A/mm2
Markaas Aw = 1.2 / 4 = 0.3 mm2 Φ0.70 mm
Inductor-ka caadiga ah ee dhabta ah waa in lagu tijaabiyaa muunado dhab ah si loo xaqiijiyo isku halaynta naqshadeynta, sababtoo ah kala duwanaanshaha hababka wax soo saarka ayaa sidoo kale horseedi doona kala duwanaansho xuduudaha inductor waxayna saameeyaan saameynta shaandhaynta. Tusaale ahaan, kororka awoodda la qaybiyey waxay keeni doontaa buuq badan oo soo noqnoqda. Si fudud loo gudbiyo Asymmetry-ga labada dabaylo ayaa ka dhigaysa faraqa inductance ee u dhexeeya labada kooxood mid weyn, taasoo ka dhigaysa caqabad gaar ah calaamadda qaabka caadiga ah.
Soo koob
1 >Shaqada inductor-ka caadiga ah waa in la sifeeyo dhawaaqa habka caadiga ah ee khadka. Naqshadayntu waxay u baahan tahay in labada dabaylo ay yeeshaan qaab-dhismeed dhammaystiran iyo cabbir koronto oo isku mid ah.
2>Awoodda la qaybiyey ee inductor-ka caadiga ah waxay saameyn xun ku leedahay xakamaynta buuqa soo noqnoqda waana in la yareeyaa.
3>Qiimaha inductance ee inductor-ka caadiga ah waxa uu la xidhiidha guutada soo noqnoqda ee qaylada ee u baahan in la sifeeyo iyo awoodda iswaafajinta. Qiimaha inductance inta badan waa inta u dhaxaysa 2mH ~ 50mH.
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